Back to the moon: NASA talks about the details of a space mission - ForumDaily
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Back to the moon: NASA talked about the details of a space mission

The US space agency NASA has selected companies that will develop rockets and modules for sending astronauts to the moon. According to the plans of the White House, by 2024 people should return to the Earth satellite for the first time after the lunar missions of the 1970s. Writes about this with the BBC.

Photo: Shutterstock

NASA has entrusted the development of landers for the Artemis program to two Silicon Valley giants: Blue Origin, founded by Amazon owner Jeff Bezos, and SpaceX, led by Elon Musk. In addition, the American company Dynetics will take part in the program.

The total value of the contracts is estimated at $ 967 million, they must be implemented within 10 months. During this time, NASA will evaluate each of the projects in detail, and then long-term contracts will be concluded with at least two of these companies.

“Awarding these contracts means the US is taking another step towards landing astronauts on the Moon by 2024. “Including that wonderful moment when a woman first steps on the lunar surface,” said NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine. “For the first time since the Apollo era, NASA is directly funding the development of a system for landing people on the Moon, and we have already entered into agreements with companies that will work on the Artemis program.”

The companies that won the tender proposed different approaches to solving the problem of landing people on the moon.

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Blue Origin's project, developed in collaboration with several other American companies, involves landing in three stages. In the first stage of the mission, astronauts must be lowered from a high lunar orbit to a lower one; in the second, a landing will be carried out on the surface of the Moon, and at the final stage, the crew will take off from the Moon to return to Earth. For this, it is proposed to use the New Glenn rocket (Blue Origin company), as well as the Vulcan accelerator (developed by United Launch Alliance (ULA).

At the same time, Dynetics proposes to build one universal module, which will be launched using the Vulcan rocket. According to NASA spokeswoman Lisa Watson-Morgan, this module is unique due to its layout: it is located close to the surface to facilitate astronauts landing on the ground.

SpaceX introduced the Starship project based on its own Super Heavy rocket. The prototype is being tested at a test site in Boca Chica in southern Texas.

Other key elements of NASA’s lunar plan are under development. Participants in this space mission will fly in an Orion capsule on the Space Launch System (SLS), a powerful launch vehicle.

Lunar orbital station

NASA also plans to build a small lunar orbital gateway platform Gateway, to which Orion could dock, and where it would be possible to assemble the components of the module before sending it to the moon.

And although there has recently been a message that Gateway will not have time to become part of the Artemis-3 mission in 2024, it should play an important role in the further phase of the lunar project.

At the press conference, Bridenstine again emphasized that the agency is not abandoning plans to build a lunar orbital station. “We absolutely need a Gateway,” he said.

However, as often happens, the final fate of the program, which will cost $ 35 billion only in the next 4 years, will be determined by Congress.

In the 60s and 70s of the last century, as part of the Apollo program, NASA sent 7 missions to the Moon. Apollo 13 failed to land due to an oxygen tank explosion. The last manned mission was Apollo 17. In December 1972, his crew explored the Taurus-Littrov valley on the southeastern edge of the Sea of ​​Serenity.

This time NASA wants to gain a foothold on the moon for a long time.

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“We're not going to go back to the moon and leave flags and footprints and then not be there for another 50 years,” Jim Bridenstine said last year. “We go for a long time to stay: with landers, robots, rovers and people.”

The department operates in accordance with the decree of US President Donald Trump of 2017. With this order, the president sent American astronauts back to the Moon, as well as to “other destinations.”

Indeed, the Moon may become a potential testing ground for technologies that in the future will help to land on Mars.

In its plan, presented by NASA, SpaceX proposes to carry out an unmanned landing on the moon.

Before a real mission is sent to the lunar surface, Dynetics promises a demo flight to test the key capabilities of its descent module.

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